Essay on Unit LD 205 Principles Of Positive Risk - 725 Words

Unit LD 205 Principles of positive risk taking for individuals with disabilities Outcome 1 Know the importance of risk taking in everyday life for individuals with disabilities 1.1- identify aspects of everyday life in which risk plays a part Risk Taking: individual; social; organisational; environmental 1.2- identify aspects of everyday life in which, traditionally, individuals with disabilities were not encouraged to take risks Traditional lack of encouragement: risks in everyday life; traditional roles and activities; carer controls; health and safety, compensation culture. 1.3- outline the consequences for individuals with disabilities of being prevented or discouraged from taking risks Prevention of risk taking: consequences†¦show more content†¦3.2- describe how to use a human rights based approach to risk management. Human rights based approach to risk management: responsibility balancing; advocacy; direct payments; personalised services; person centred planning, support planning Outcome 4 Understand how to support individuals with disabilities in decisions about risk-taking 4.1- explain the connection between an individual’s right to take risks and their responsibilities towards themselves and others Rights and responsibilities: maximising quality of life while maintaining safety; responsibilities to self and others, social, emotional, physical. 4.2- outline how the principle of ‘duty of care’ can be maintained whilst supporting individuals to take risks Duty of Care: best interest; defensible decision making; contextualising behaviour; identification of positive and negative risks 4.3- describe ways of enabling individuals with disabilities to make informed choices about taking risks Enabling informed choices: use of illustrated templates, flow charts, information sheets; technology; the right to make ‘bad’Show MoreRelatedLeadership for Health and Social Care and Children65584 Words   |  263 PagesYoung People’s Services (England) (3978-51/52/53/54/55/56) Contents 1 2 3 4 5 Unit 501 Unit 502 Unit 503 Unit 504 Introduction Centre requirements Delivering the qualification Assessment Units Use and develop systems that promote communication (SHC51) Promote professional development (SHC52) 6 44 48 49 54 55 58 Champion equality, diversity and inclusion (SHC53) 60 Develop health and safety and risk management policies procedures and practices in health and social care or children andRead MoreOperations Management23559 Words   |  95 Pagesmarket Lean production adaptation of mass production that prizes quality and flexibility 1-14 Historical Events in Operations Management Era Industrial Revolution Events/Concepts Steam engine Division of labor Interchangeable parts Principles of scientific management Dates 1769 1776 1790 1911 1911 1912 1913 Originator James Watt Adam Smith Eli Whitney Frederick W. 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StrongRead MoreAcca F5111177 Words   |  445 Pages11 A Co 12 Yam Co (6/09) n/a 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 n/a 36 36 36 36 36 36 36 36 36 36 36 3 4 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 12 59 62 64 65 67 69 72 73 76 78 79 81 Part B: Decision-making techniques 13 Preparation question: Linear programming 14 LD Co 15 Higgins Co (6/08, amended) 16 RB Co 17 New product 18 Ennerdale 19 John Robertson 20 Pixie Pharmaceuticals 21 Sniff Limited (12/07, amended) 22 Bits and Pieces (6/09) 23 BDU Co 24 Envico (PM, 12/05, amended) 25 Rotanola 26 SH (12/08, amended)Read Morepharmacoeconomic Essay14259 Words   |  58 Pagesthe EVSI and the costs of sampling is the expected net beneï ¬ t of sampling (ENBS) for a sample size n. If the cost of new research is less than the EVSI, the ENBS from the Systematic Review of Value-of-Information Methods information is positive (note that this is regardless of the outcome of the trial) and the trial is worth the expense. 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Production in rural areas was transported to and sold in other continents after enormous price increases along the way, providing high profit and risk incentive to traffickers. The end user has often been a poor person who buys drugs before the necessities of life. Estimates of illicit drug production come from several sources. Systematic attempts to provide information about the amount of opiatesRead MoreOperational Management36687 Words   |  147 Pagesinfluence the overall strategic objectives of an organisation ï‚ · Explain how effective operations strategies are developed. MANCOSA - MBA Year 1 4 Operations Management How to Use This Module This module should be studied using this unit and the recommended textbook(s). You should read about the topic that you intend to study in the appropriate chapter before you start reading in detail in the recommended textbook(s). 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Sir Thomas More And Michel De Montaigne - 930 Words

Human Nature and society are two very controversial subjects. People can never seem to agree on what is human nature or how society should work. Why you may ask? It is because no one truly knows because everyone has different ideas. Sir Thomas More and Michel de Montaigne are prime examples of how they may seem to have totally different ideas, but they do indeed have some similarities. Although Sir Thomas More and Michel de Montaigne both believe human nature is best in a simpler form; More argues in order to have a simpler life they must be governed through a utopian society, where Montaigne argues the barbaric lifestyle is superior. According to Thomas More, he feels through a utopian society and having the lifestyle it entails, makes things much easier. He lays out a perfect plan in his eyes, that leaves humans satisfied. What more could they ask for? On the contrary, Michel de Montaigne believes the barbaric lifestyle is the way to go. He feels it is best when someone is â€Å"s o close to their original simplicity (Montaigne).† He feels this way because there is no corruption. The similarity that is most apparent in both of their texts, is that both More and Montaigne advocate a society where both the citizens are not corrupt. Even though Montaigne advocates a society that seems more pure and innocent; what More implies is similar. For example, in Utopia, More exploits that the citizens had no material obsession. They used gold for the slaves rather than citizens. They allShow MoreRelatedAnalysis Of The Poem Cannibals 1363 Words   |  6 PagesIn 1516 Sir Thomas More published Utopia, a book that describes in vivid detail the structure that is necessary for a community to live free of greed, self-interest, and violence. In it, he concocts a hypothetical and virtuous city-state that is very organized with rules governing leadership, division of labor, and private property. 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Due to the church’s heavy influence on society during this time period, believers did not challenge the church doctrine. Again, in the 1600s, discussion on euthanization is evident in humanist thinker Sir Thomas More’s book on political philosophy, Utopia. More believed that individuals could only be improved by advancing and reforming social institutions. In More’s Utopia, he explains an ideal socialistic community that advocated physician-assisted suicide in order to relieveRead MoreRobert Louis Stevenson5417 Words   |  22 PagesWhen one reads the nonfiction work of Robert Louis Stevenson along with the novels and short stories, a more complete portrait emerges of the author than that of the romantic vagabond one usually associates with his best-known fiction. The Stevenson of the nonfiction prose is a writer involved in the issues of his craft, his milieu, and his soul. Moreover, one can see the record of his maturation in critical essays, political tracts, biographies, and letters to family and friends. What StevensonRead Morehistory of philosophy5031 Words   |  21 Pages Modern, and Contemporary. The Ancient era runs through the fall of Rome and includes the Greek philosophers such as  Plato  and  Aristotle. The Medieval period runs until roughly the late 15th century and the  Renaissance. The Modern is a word with more varied use, which includes everything from Post-Medieval through the specific period up to the 20th century. Contemporary philosophy encompasses the philosophical dev elopments of the 20th century up to the present day. Ancient philosophy[edit] Further

Night World Dark Angel Chapter 14 Free Essays

She got David’s room number from a receptionist at the front desk. She didn’t ask if she was allowed to visit. All Gillian could think as she walked down the hall was, Please. We will write a custom essay sample on Night World : Dark Angel Chapter 14 or any similar topic only for you Order Now Please, if David was only all right, there was a chance that everything could work out. At the door she stopped and held her breath. Her mind was showing her all sorts of pictures. David in a coma, hooked up to so many tubes and wires that he was unrecognizable. Worse, David alive and awake and smiling†¦ and looking at her with violet eyes. She knew what Angel’s plan had been. At least, she thought she knew. The only question was, had he succeeded? Still holding her breath, she looked around the door. David was sitting up in bed. The only thing he was hooked up to was an IV of clear fluid. There was another bed in the room, empty. He looked toward the door and saw her. Gillian walked toward him slowly. She kept her face absolutely expressionless, her eyes on him. Dark hair. A lean face that still had traces of a summer tan. Cheekbones to die for and eyes to drown in. But no half-quizzical, half-friendly smile. He was looking back at her as soberly as she was looking at him, a book slipping unnoticed from his lap. Gillian reached the foot of the hospital bed. They stared at each other. What do I say? David, is it really you? I can’t. It’s too stupid, and what’s he going to say back? No, dragonfly, it’s not him, it’s me? The silence stretched on. At last, very quietly, the guy on the bed said, â€Å"Are you okay?† â€Å"Yeah.† The word came out clipped and dispassionate. â€Å"Are you okay?† â€Å"Yeah, pretty much. I was lucky.† He was watching her. â€Å"You look-kind of different.† â€Å"And you’re kind of quiet.† Something like puzzlement flashed in his eyes. Then something like hurt. â€Å"I was†¦ well, you walked in here looking so deadpan, and you sound so †¦ cold†¦Ã¢â‚¬  He shook his head slightly, his eyes fixed on hers. â€Å"Gillian-did I do something to make you want to hit that pole?† â€Å"I didn’t do it on purpose!† She found herself lunging forward, reaching for his hands. He looked startled. â€Å"Okay†¦Ã¢â‚¬  â€Å"David, I didn’t. I was doing everything I could not to. I would never want to hurt you. Don’t you know that?† His face cleared. His eyes were very dark but very calm. â€Å"Yes, I do/’ he said simply. â€Å"I believe you.† Strangely, she knew he did. hi spite of all the evidence to the contrary, he believed her. Gillian’s hands tightened on his. Their eyes were locked together. It was as if they were getting closer, although neither of them moved physically. And then it was all happening, what had started to happen at least twice before. Feelings so sweet and strong she could hardly bear it. Strange recognition, unexpected belonging†¦ impossible knowing†¦ Gillian’s eyes seemed to shut of their own accord. And then somehow they were kissing. She felt the warmth of David’s lips. And everything was warm and wonderful†¦ but there was more. It was as if the normal veil that separated two people had melted. Gillian felt a shock of revelation. This was what it meant, what Angel had spoken to her about. She knew it intuitively even though she’d never spoken the word before. Soulmates. She’d found hers. The one love for her on this earth. The person she was meant to be with, that no one could keep her from. And it wasn’t Angel. It was David. That was the other thing she knew, and knew with a bedrock certainty that nothing could touch. This was David, the true David. He was holding her in his arms, kissing her. Her, the ordinary Gillian, who was wearing an old gray sweatshirt and no makeup. It was absurd that she’d ever believed things like makeup mattered. David was alive, that was what mattered. Gillian didn’t have his death on her conscience. And if they could somehow live through the rest of what had to be done, they just might be happier than she had ever imagined. How weird that she could still think. But they didn’t seem to be kissing anymore; they were just holding each other now. And that was almost as good, just feeling his body against hers. Gillian pulled away. â€Å"David-â€Å" His eyes were full of wonder. â€Å"You know what? I love you.† â€Å"I know.† Gillian realized she was being less than romantic. She couldn’t help it. This was the time for action. â€Å"David, I have to tell you some things, and I don’t know if you can believe me. But you’ve got to try.† â€Å"Gillian, I said I love you. I mean that. We-â€Å" Then he stopped and searched her face. He seemed to see something that changed his mind. â€Å"I love you,† he said in a different tone. â€Å"So I’ll believe you.† â€Å"The first thing is that I’m not anything like what you think. I’m not brave, or noble, or witty in the face of danger or-or anything like that. It’s all been-a sort of set-up. And here’s how it happened.† And then she told him. Everything. From the beginning, from the afternoon when she’d heard the crying in the woods and followed it and died and found an angel. She told him the whole story, about how Angel had appeared in her room that night and how he’d changed her whole life. About the whispering that had guided her ever since. And about the very bad things. Her witch heritage. The spell she’d put on Tanya. The Night World. All the way up to the accident last night. When she was done, she sat back and looked at him. â€Å"Well?† â€Å"Well, I probably ought to think you’re crazy. But I don’t. Maybe I’m crazy, too. Or maybe it’s because I died once, myself. †¦Ã¢â‚¬  â€Å"You started to tell me that, that first night- and then the car skidded. What happened?† â€Å"When I was seven my appendix burst. I died on the operating table-and I went to a place like that meadow. I’ll tell you the funny thing, though. I felt that rushing thing come at me, too-that huge thing you said came at you hi the end. Only it actually reached me. And it wasn’t dark or scary. It was white-beautiful light-and it had wonderful wings.† Gillian was staring. â€Å"Then what?† â€Å"It sent me back. I didn’t have any choice. It loved me, but I had to go back anyway. So- zoom-back down the tunnel, and pop, back into the body. I’ve never forgotten it. And, it’s hard to explain, but I know it was real. I guess that’s why I believe you.† â€Å"Then maybe you understand what I’ve got to do. I don’t know what Angel really is. †¦ I think he may be some kind of demon. But I’ve got to stop him. Exorcize him or whatever.† David took her by the arms. â€Å"You can’t. You don’t know how.† â€Å"But maybe Melusine does. It’s either her or that guy Ash at the club. He seemed all right. The only down side is that I think he was a vampire.† David had stiffened. â€Å"I vote for the witch-â€Å" â€Å"Me, too.† â€Å"-but I want you to wait for me. They’ll let me out later this afternoon.† â€Å"I can’t. David, it’s for Tanya and Kim, too. Melusine might know how to cure them. Anyway, I’m certainly going to ask her. And I can’t let any more time go by.† David pulled at his hair with the hand that wasn’t hooked to the IV. â€Å"Okay. All right, give me five minutes, and we’ll go together now.† â€Å"No.† He was looking at the IV as if figuring out how to undo it. â€Å"Yes. Just wait for me-â€Å" Gillian blew him a kiss from the door and ran before he looked up. He couldn’t help her. You couldn’t fight Angel in ordinary ways. All David would be was leverage in Angel’s hands-a hostage-something to threaten to harm. Gillian jogged out of the hospital and through the parking lot. She found the Geo. Okay, now if Melusine would just be at the store†¦ {You don’t really want to do this, you know.) Gillian slammed the car door closed. She sat up very straight, looking at nothing, as she fastened her seatbelt and started the car. (Listen, kid. You ain’t never had a friend like me.) Gillian pulled out of the parking lot. (Come on, give me a break. We can at least talk about this, can’t we? There are some things you don’t understand.) She couldn’t listen to him. She didn’t dare answer him. The last time, he’d hypnotized her somehow, made her relax and give up control to him. That couldn’t happen again. But she couldn’t shut his voice out. She couldn’t get away from it. (And you can’t love him. There are rules against it. I’m serious. You belong to the Night World now-you’re not allowed to love a human. If they find out, they’ll kill you both.) (And what were you trying to do to us?) Damn, she’d answered him back. She wouldn’t do that again. (Not hurt you. It was only him I wanted. I could have slipped in as he slipped out†¦) Don’t listen, Gillian told herself. There must be some way of blocking him, of keeping him out of her mind†¦ She began to sing. â€Å"DECK the halls with boughs of HOL-ly Fa la la lala†¦Ã¢â‚¬  He hadn’t been able to hear her thoughts when she hummed before. It seemed to work, now, as long as she kept her mind on the lyrics. She sang Christmas carols. Loudly. The fast ones, like â€Å"God Rest Ye Merry, Gentlemen† and â€Å"Joy to the World,† were best. â€Å"The Twelve Days of Christmas† got her the last few miles to Woodbridge. Please be there†¦ â€Å"FIVE golden rings,† she caroled, hurrying into the Woodbridge Five and Ten with the shoe box under her arm. She didn’t care who thought she was crazy. â€Å"FOUR calling birds, THREE French hens †¦Ã¢â‚¬  She was at the door to the back room. â€Å"TWO turtle doves †¦Ã¢â‚¬  A very startled Melusine looked up from behind the counter. â€Å"And a†¦ please, you’ve got to help me! I’ve got this Angel who’s trying to kill people!† She broke off the song and rushed to Melusine. â€Å"You’ve†¦ what?† â€Å"I’ve got this-angel thing. And I can’t stop him from talking to me†¦.† Gillian suddenly realized that Angel had stopped talking. â€Å"Maybe he got scared when I came in here. But I still need your help. Please.† Suddenly her eyes were stinging with tears again. Melusine leaned both elbows on the counter and rested her chin on her hands. She looked surprised, but willing. â€Å"Why don’t you tell me about it?† For the second time that day, Gillian told her story. All of it. She hoped that by telling everything, she could make Melusine understand her urgency. And her lack of experience. â€Å"So I’m not even a real witch,† she said at the end. â€Å"Oh, you’re a witch, all right,† Melusine said. There was color in her cheeks and a look of fascination in her dark eyes. â€Å"He told you the truth about that. Everybody knows about the lost Harman babies. Little Elspeth-the records say that she died in England. But obviously she didn’t. And you’re her descendant.† â€Å"Which means it’s okay for me to do spells?† Melusine laughed. â€Å"It’s okay for anyone to do spells who can do spells. In my opinion. Some people don’t feel the same way-â€Å" â€Å"But can you help me take the spells off?† Gillian opened the shoe box. She felt ashamed to show the dolls to Melusine-even though she’d bought them here. â€Å"I wouldn’t have done it if I’d known,† she murmured feebly, as Melusine looked at the dolls. â€Å"I know.† Melusine gestured at her to be quiet. Gillian watched tensely and waited for the verdict. â€Å"Okay, it looks as if you’ve started the process already. But I think†¦ maybe some healing salve†¦ and blessed thistle†¦Ã¢â‚¬  She bustled around, almost flying in her chair. She applied things to the dolls. She asked Gillian to concentrate with her, and she said words Gillian didn’t recognize. Finally, she wrapped the wax dolls in what looked like white silk, and put them back in the box. â€Å"Is that all? It’s done?† â€Å"Well, I think it’s a good idea to keep the dolls, just in case we need to do more healing. Then, after that, we can unname them and get rid of them.† â€Å"But now Tanya and Kim will be okay?† Gillian was anxious for reassurance, and she couldn’t help the quick glance of doubt she cast-at Melusine’s missing leg. Melusine was direct. â€Å"If they’ve had anything amputated, it won’t cure them. We can’t grow new limbs.† She touched her leg. â€Å"This happened in a boating accident. But otherwise, yes, they should get better.† Gillian let out a breath she seemed to have been holding for hours. She shut her eyes. â€Å"Thanks. Thank you, Melusine. You don’t know how good it feels to not feel like you’re maiming somebody.† Then she opened her eyes. â€Å"But the hard part’s still to come.† † ‘Angel.'† â€Å"Yes.† â€Å"Well, I think you’re right about it being hard.† She looked Gillian straight in the eye. â€Å"And dangerous.† â€Å"I know that already.† Gillian turned and took a quick pace around the room. â€Å"He can get into my mind and make me do things-â€Å" â€Å"Not just your mind. Anyone’s.† â€Å"And I’m pretty sure he can move objects by himself. Make cars skid. And he sees everything.† She came back to the counter. â€Å"Melusine-what is he? And why’s he doing all this? And why to me?† â€Å"Well, the last question’s the easiest. Because you died.† Melusine wheeled quickly to a bookshelf at the end of the counter. She pulled down a volume. â€Å"He must have caught you in the between-place, the place between earth and the Other Side. The place where he was,† she said, wheeling back. â€Å"He pretended to be the welcomer, the one who guides you to the Other Side. That thing rushing at you at the end-that was probably the real welcomer. But this ‘Angel’ got you out of the between-place before it could reach you.† Gillian spoke flatly. â€Å"He’s not a real angel, is he?† â€Å"No.† Gillian braced herself. â€Å"Is he a devil?† â€Å"I don’t think so.† Melusine’s voice was gentle. She opened the book, flipping pages. â€Å"From the way you brought him back with you, I think he must be a spirit. There are two ways of getting spirits from the between-place: you can summon them or you can go fetch them yourself. You did it the hard way.† â€Å"Wait a minute. You’re saying I brought him?† â€Å"Well, not consciously. I’m sure you didn’t mean to. It sounds like he just sort of grabbed on and whooshed down the tunnel-what we call the narrow path-right along with you. Spirits in the between-place can watch us, sometimes talk to us, but they can’t really interact with us. When you brought him to earth, you set him free to interact.† â€Å"Oh, wonderful,† Gillian whispered. â€Å"So on top of everything, it’s my fault from the beginning.† She looked around dazedly, then back at Melusine. â€Å"But what is a spirit, really? A dead person?† â€Å"An unhappy dead person.† Melusine turned pages. † ‘An earthbound spirit is a damaged soul†¦Ã¢â‚¬â„¢ † She shut the book. â€Å"Look, it’s actually simple. When a spirit is really unhappy-when they’ve done something awful, or they’ve died with unfinished business-then they don’t go on to the Other Side. They get stuck in-well, the book calls it ‘the astral planes near earth.’ We call it the between-place.† â€Å"Stuck.† â€Å"They won’t go on. They’re too angry and hopeless to even want to be healed. And they can do awful things to living people if they get down here, just out of general miserableness.† â€Å"But how do you get rid of them?† Melusine drew a breath. â€Å"Well, that’s the hard part. You can send them back to the between-place-if you have some blood and hair from their physical body. And if you have all sorts of special ingredients, which I can’t get. And if you have the right spell, which I don’t know.† â€Å"I see.† â€Å"And in any case, that only traps him in the between-place again. It doesn’t heal him. But, Gillian, there’s something I’ve got to tell you.† Melusine’s face was very serious, and she spoke almost formally. â€Å"You may not need to rely on me.† â€Å"What do you mean?† â€Å"Gillian †¦ I don’t think you really understand who you are. Did he-this spirit-explain to you just how important the Harmans are?† â€Å"He said Elspeth’s sister was some big witch leader.† â€Å"The biggest. She’s the Crone, the leader of all the witches. And the Harmans are-well, they’re sort of like the royal family to us.† Gillian smiled bleakly. â€Å"So I’m a witch princess?† â€Å"You told me that Elspeth is your mother’s mother’s mother. You’re descended entirely through the female line from her. But that’s-extraordinary. There are almost no Harman girls left. There were only two in the world-and now there’s you. Don’t you see, if you let the Night World know about this, they’ll flock to help you. They’ll take care of Angel.† Gillian was unimpressed. â€Å"And how long will that take?† â€Å"For them to gather and everything†¦ check out your family, make all the preparations †¦ I don’t know. It could probably be done in a matter of weeks.† â€Å"Too long. Way too long. You don’t know what Angel can do in a few weeks.† â€Å"Then you can try to do it yourself.† â€Å"But how?† â€Å"Well, you’d have to find out who he was as a person and what business he left unfinished. Then you’d have to finish it. And finally, you’d have to convince him to go on. To be willing to leave the between-place for the Other Side.† She glanced wryly at Gillian. â€Å"I told you it would be hard.† â€Å"And I don’t think he’d be very cooperative. He wouldn’t like it.† â€Å"No. He could hurt you, Gillian.† Gillian nodded. â€Å"It doesn’t matter. It’s what I’ve got to do.† How to cite Night World : Dark Angel Chapter 14, Essay examples

Climate Change and Food

Question: Discuss about theClimate Change and Food. Answer: Key Principles about Public Health, Climate Change and Food Quality and Security of Food and Climate Change Climate change will influence the quality of food existing for use by individuals.Transformed environment for food manufacture may end in rising pathogens, fresh harvest and cattle species, and changed use of insecticides and veterinary medications, and influence the chief transmit systems via which contaminants travel from the atmosphere into foodstuff. Climate change lessening may amplify expenditure of foods whose manufacture lessens greenhouse gas emanations. Framework Figure 1. The planning cycle The steps in short are: recognize the determinants of the fitness crisis, their operational conditions and the populace groups affected measure the hazards and profit to recognize what must be tackled spot intercession options and evaluate them choose the portfolio of intercession that can tackle the crisis employ the portfolio assess the portfolio (2) Security of Food There are three key mechanism of food safety: Food access: the capacity to obtain and eat healthy food Food availability: delivery of foodstuff inside a neighbourhood upsetting food security of persons, families or a complete populace Food use: the correct utilization of food depending on awareness of fundamental nutrition and care Key Principles about Public Hhealth, Climate Change and Water Quality and Security of Water Key Issues Figure 2 The quality and security of water is threatened by The risk of contamination from microbial pathogens and chemicals Depletion in supply Waterborne diseases Privatization Oceanic stress Quality and Security of Water, Specific to Climate Change Climate changehas numerous consequences on water on a large scale. Thawing of glacial ice into the sea Increase in atmospheric water, resulting inmore, heavy rainfall Warm air swaps snow with precipitation and evaporation rates swell. Thawing of inland glaciers In sub-tropics, there happens reduction in precipitation in already arid regions. Further severe floods and famine worldwide Shifting weather and rising temperatures ensuing increased waterborne disease spreading Difference The two approaches illustrate the blow to public health by the risks of decreased water quality and security. However, the second one stresses that weather change is a chief supplier to this risk. It might alter the locus of the mitigation policies that are created and applied in reducing climate change. Climate Change Public Health and Public Health Climate change, jointly with other natural and man-made health issues, manipulate public health and ailments in several ways. Some active health risks will strengthen and newer ones will materialize. Not everybody is uniformly in danger. Important factors comprise age, economic assets, and geography. Public health is normally influenced by disorders of physical, organic, and environmental system, counting disorder beginning here and elsewhere. The health outcomes of these disorders contain amplified respiratory and cardiac ailment, injuries and sudden deaths associated to severe weather situations, alterations in the occurrence and geographical allocation of food- plus water-borne diseases and other communicable diseases, and risks to psychological health (1). References CDC - Climate Change and Public Health - Climate Effects on Health [Internet]. Cdc.gov. 2016. Available from: https://www.cdc.gov/climateandhealth/effects/ www.health.nsw.gov.au [Internet]. www.health.nsw.gov.au. 2016 Available from: https://www.health.nsw.gov.au/research/Documents/planning-framework.pdf

Othello And Iago Essays - Othello, Fiction, Film,

Othello And Iago One of the most interesting and exotic characters in the tragic play " Othello", by William Shakespeare, is "honest" Iago. At first Iago seems to be motiveless. However, the motivation behind his actions lie more in Iago's quest for personal gain, as opposed to just being evil for evil's sake. Iago's greediness can be validated by examining his manipulation of Roderigo, Cassio, and most importantly, Othello. Iago's main interest is the destruction of Othello. The reason being that Othello has chosen another man, Cassio, as his second-in-command, preferring him to Iago. This resentment, accompanied by Iago's accusations of adultery and his blatant racism, cause Iago to despise the kindly moor. Because Iago is much too smart to immediately kill Othello, he proceeds with the arduous process of dismantling him emotionally. Iago also knows he must distance himself from any part of this, so he cleverly gets someone to do his dirty work. The first to fall victim to Iago's manipulation is half-witted Roderigo. Iago knows Roderigo is consumed by lust for Desdemona, and would do what it takes to make her his own. Iago tells Roderigo that the only way to win Desdemona's love is to make money to procure gifts for her. "Put money in thy purse..."(act I scene 3 line 339). However Iago is just taking those gifts intended for Desdemona and keeping them for himself, and making a profit. Roderigo eventually starts to question Iago's honesty. When faced with the accusations, Iago simply offers that the killing of Cassio will aid in his cause and Roderigo falls for it. In doing this, Iago keeps Roderigo in the dark and continues to profit from him monetarily. Roderigo is also used as a device in both Cassio and Othello's downfall. Iago's actions demonstrate his monetary and power based motivations, invalidating the claim that Iago is evil for evil's sake. Cassio like Roderigo follows Iago blindly, thinking the whole time that Iago is trying to aid him, when in fact Iago, motivated by his lust for power, is attempting to remove Cassio of his position as lieutenant. With Roderigo's help Iago causes Cassio to forfeit his position as Othello's second-in-command. Cassio is also used to bring out the monster inside of Othello. In Iago's exploitation of Cassio, it is clear to see that, although evil in his deeds, Iago is strictly motivated by his hunger for power. As mentioned earlier, Iago's main intention lies in the degradation of Othello. Iago feels that he was best suited to hold the position of lieutenant, as opposed to Michael Cassio. From this Iago manufactures accusations of adultery, claiming that Othello has slept with his wife, Emilia. "...Twixt my sheets/ he's done my office."(Act I scene 3 line 380) These accusations are merely excuses to validate his own pleasant acts and greed, and should be seen as nothing more. Again it's plain to see that, in Iago's deception of Othello he is motivated by his jealousy and subsequent bitterness. In conclusion, it's evident that Iago is evil for greed's sake, as opposed to evil for evil's sake. His craving can be seen in his clever manipulation of Roderigo, Cassio, and Othello. He uses Roderigo for his own financial benefit, as well as support his master plan; the destruction of Othello. Cassio was unfortunate enough to be chosen ahead of Iago as Othello's second-in-command, and was reduced to a deteriorated state by Iago because of it. Lastly, driven by his bitterness towards Othello for choosing Cassio over him, Iago takes it upon himself to ensure Othello's demise. Iago is an extremely complex character, and far from ordinary. His complexity and uniqueness makes him one of Shakespeare's greatest villains.

Evolution of the Floppy essays

Evolution of the Floppy essays Computers and computer technology have come a long way since the first home computers were invented in the early 70s. Over the past 30 years, computers and their accessories have all become compact. One item that has come a long way since its invention in 1971 is the memory disk, or floppy disk as it is now called. The floppy disk was first born as an 8 plastic disk with very little memory but over time slowly got smaller. It shrunk from 8 to 5 Â ¼ to 3 Â ½ and even to 3 but the 3 disk was discontinued. The floppy disks also increased the amount of saveable memory as they got smaller. They even became more versatile, which was appealing for computer customers in search of portable storage devices. The floppy disk forever changed the way computers were used and the way people saw computers. They made everyday computer tasks much easier for us. The floppy disk was revolutionary. IBM introduced the very first floppy disk in 1971. This memory disk as it was called at that time, was an 8 plastic disk coated with magnetic iron oxide; Data was written to read from the disks surface. The 8 plastic floppy disk was considered to be revolutionary during its time because not only was it considered to be a nice small size, but you could pretty much take it anywhere with you and put it in another computer to read the same data stored on that disk. The very large but very useful 8 floppy was just the start of what was to come within the next 20 years. The floppy disk was invented by IBM engineers led by none other than Alan Shugart. The first floppy disks his team created were just designed for loading micro codes into the controller of the IBM 3330 disk pack file. However, additional uses for the floppy disk quickly occurred. Some examples of these other uses were transferring documents from one computer to another, and creating copies of very import...

Quiz Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words - 7

Quiz - Essay Example he computer screen behind the objective of staying connected to the people online, he does not know that to stay connected online, he is getting disconnected from the world around him, and is getting oblivious of those living around him, who need him and can make him happier than the online community. The social isolation creates adverse effects on the family relationships because online socializing works by dissociating social relationships from physical actuality. Today, we are always connected to the people we know, whether we are sitting on our couch or we are out of town, yet we are suffering from depression, anxiety and loneliness. Today, we are all the time getting updates from our friends, relatives and classmates; and, we do not have to schedule face-to-face meetings in order to stay in each other’s lives. And, all this has been possible thanks to the online social networking websites which offer great fun and mind-engaging applications in addition to letting us find people of our own interests and hobbies. However, this has resulted in people hesitating in interacting with others in the physical world. They are hiding from the bitter events that come with real relationships. They do not want to make commitments with physical world relationships. So, they find a way out in the form of online socializing. They are, however, unaware of the fact that this epidemic of social media will make them socially excluded; and, time will come when they will become totally oblivious to real feelings and

FINANCE (RATIO ANALYSIS) Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

FINANCE (RATIO ANALYSIS) - Essay Example The threats of terrorism have significantly boost defense systems spending especially for countries like United States. After the September 11 tragedy which shocked the global business environment becomes a grim reminder for nations to improve their defense systems. BAE Systems Plc (BAE) traces its origin to the  £7.7 billion merger of Marconi Electronic Systems which is the defense electronics and naval shipbuilding subsidiary of the General Electric Company Plc and British Aerospace which specializes in the manufacture of aircraft, ammunition, and naval systems. Out of these prestigious business organizations, its establishment in 1999 equipped with a unique competitive advantage which enables it to position itself as the third largest global defence company and sixth largest US defense company employing 97, 500 highly skilled people. Financial ratio analysis is a very essential tool in assessing the financial health of a business entity. It enables a financial analyst to spot trends in a business and to compare it with the performance of similar business enterprises within the same industry. This tool is currently utilized by business managers, investors, creditors, suppliers, and other decision makers in order to determine the financial performance and well being of a business organisation. Financial ratios are grouped into four broad categories, each showing a different aspect of a company’s financial performance. These are profitability ratios, financial leverage ratios, liquidity/solvency ratios, and efficiency ratios. In order to get a deeper insight of BAE’s financial performance, its computed financial ratios will be benchmarked with its competitor’s Cobham Plc. The rationale of choosing these two business organizations is simple. It should be noted that both of them are regarded as important players in the global pharmaceutical industry. Being in the same line of business

M2S Evolution of the problem Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

M2S Evolution of the problem - Essay Example Most people do not understand how they can pay the insurance premiums on their own. Here, organizations come in with the desire that each and everyone are taxed to pay the insurance premiums. The decision is usually made by the board or the government in some countries. With a half done bureaucracy, the board comes up with policies that each employee must adhere. Pilzer (2005) argues that one should apply for his own individual /family health insurance policy as soon as possible .if one has a health savings account, one is allowed to withdraw money tax free to pay health insurance premiums. Another problem is when an employer offer s a high deductable amount which affects the employees. The employers come up with a figure without consulting the employees. The health care insurance on the other hand has its advantages. Without the scheme many people could not afford treatment from good private hospitals in the world today. Presently whether poor or rich, a person can access proper medical care. This can be made better if people are allowed to call their own insurance company and get the policy. The problem in many organizations is that one is forced to an insurance

English Language Essays Learning Styles

English Language Essays Learning Styles Free Essays English Language Essays An examination of learning styles and typologies in a language classroom. plan, teach / act, observe and reflect Sue Davidoff and Owen van den Berg, 1990 The Observation Myobservation was undertaken at the British Council in Kuwait/Gulf Region. The observation class was of mixed nationality ArabicLanguage speakers at Intermediate level. There were twenty students in total,80% males to 20% females. The class comprises of 30% students, 60% working orprofessional people 10% homemakers others. The age range isbetween 20 to 55 years. The class is halfway through a 6 months languagecourse. I observed and was involved in a 90 minute lesson focusing onvocabulary, reading and speaking. At the end the teacher answered my preparedquestionnaire. The followingessay consists of a brief theoretical, analytical and practical examination of learningstyles and typologies in a language classroom and how best to plan for them. Itincludes an analysis of specific elements from the observed lesson put in thecontext of theory and intended future practise. To support thelesson, the teacher used the white board, an overhead projector with onetransparency and three handouts. Whole class work focused on provision ofvocabulary and contextualisation of the material. The material was real andrelevant to contemporary interests and cultures. The teacher used discussionstarters to motivate and encourage student interest and involvement (asAllwright and Bailey advise, 1991) Responses were elicited from the class andsupported through teacher modelling of pronunciation and writing on the whiteboard. Individual work was limited. The teacher had established small groups(three to four students) aimed at balancing ethnic background and gender. Research shows theimportance of understanding and catering for different learning styles andcognitive strategies. When a learning style is not catered for, the studentcan easily become bored and inattentive, do poorly on tests, getdiscouraged about the course, and may conclude that they are not good at thesubjects (Zhenhui, 2001). Various parameters have been constructed fordefining students preferred way of learning, such as Knowles (1982) concrete,analytical, communicative and authority-orientated learning styles (cited inRichards, 1994). Another defines the groups as auditory, visual andkinaesthetic learning styles (Krause et al, 2003, pp154-155) whilstfigure 1 gives a representation of student and teacher inter-reactionsdependent on learning styles. Some researchers such as Richards (1994, pp.59-77)consider an individuals culture as vital to understanding learning styles. Ladson-Billings(1995) advocates a method of Culturally Responsive Teaching which integratescultural points of reference through out the learning process. Others disagree(Kubes, 1998, cited in Krause) and cite more universal forms of learning. This class wasboth interested and engaged in its learning. However, during the interview,the teacher expressed a wish that there was more time for individual tailoring.The teacher acknowledged that this would better cater for the range oflearning styles. More concrete resources (actual materials eg fruit, etc) andincreased use of visual aids (magazines, more transparencies, laminatedpictures) may also help to convey understanding and increase retention. Two tests wereused during the class one was a linking exercise and one a reading exercise.The teacher finished the lesson with each student expressing an opinion on anarticle using the lessons language. Whilst these were not formal tests, theyinvolved assessment strategies. As Nunan points out (1990, p62) assessmentcontributes part of the information for student evaluation. As this infers, thetools for student assessment, be they observational, formative or summative,need to balance with an understanding of the bigger picture. For example, thegoal may be to allow students to understand, practise and develop their own languageand learning strategies (see Hismanoglus exploration of Language LearningStrategies, 2000) be they direct or indirect strategies (Oxford, 1990, p9).Most students require clear and precise scaffolding (Vygotsky, in Krause, 2003,pp60-65) to develop their metacognitive practises for making meaning. Assessmentcan act as a benchmark to the success of the learning pr ocess and show theteacher areas that need to be covered again or in a different way. There is no spacehere to do full justice to the impact of the learning environment upon studentsyet it needs inclusion for a balanced understanding of students learningstyles. Suffice it to say that, as Nunan and Lamb say (1996), the teacherneeds to aim for a safe, positive and progressive environment that encouragesstudent participation, thinking and risk-taking. Much as assessment is an endresult of reflection upon what one wants to define, the learning environmentshould be based upon a thorough understanding of theoretical aspects. Forexample, traditional teaching methods tended towards a unitary approach tointelligence. Contemporary theories, such as Gardners work on multipleintelligences (cited in Krause et al, 2003) allow for the inclusion ofvariable factors that define a students strengths and weaknesses. Many agreewith Wilsons (1998) assertion that Gardners MI theory helps teachers createmorepersonalized and diversified instructional experiences and develops empoweredlearners (http://www.newhorizons.org/strategies/mi/wilson1.htm) This holisticapproach agrees with an understanding of other influences upon learning, Maslowshierarchy of needs for example (see Figure 2), or Bronfenbrenners (1979)ecological systems theory. These ecological factors encourage moreintegrated forms of assessment and are particularly useful in understandingvarious forms of washback (see Cushing Weigle, 2002) that may result. Othermore structured tests such as the Myers-Briggs Type Indications Survey, (Myers McCaulley, 1985) may also have their place. The teacher usedgender and ethnic background to balance the groups. The groups worked welltogether in a pro-social manner. However, Woods encourages consciousexamination of an educators own attitudes, especially when the may cause subconsciousactions and opinions to form (Woods, 1996). Should the two parameters ofgender and ethnicity become constraints, then they are not valid means of groupconstruction. Sometimes is appeared that not all group members contribute intheir cooperative learning. However, research has shown that even those who donot appear to be so communicative do benefit to a degree from the listening andprocessing that this format provides. It may be that they are better atworking individually and as such should have the opportunity to do so. The teacher usedelements of the 3 Ps approach presentation, practise, production. However,as the lesson transcript shows, the language was expanded in what became moreof a Harmer-style engage study activate method. I would like tolist the implications for my own teaching under the following points: Use a wide range of teaching strategies and styles to ensure comprehension eg support spoken material with writing on the white board, leave the transparency up on the overhead projector, bring in concrete materials, provide visual clues, model your required responses, set short, realistic goals and review and recycle often. (Antonaros, 2005 ), role play, use song. Use methods according to the area you wish to cover, the materials you have prepared and present concisely and precisely. If the area is suited best to direct instruction then use it, if student-centred instruction or co-operative groups then vary accordingly. Motivation and interest are paramount, but sound understanding is the goal. Prepare your materials so that they are interesting, real, relevant, encourage thinking whilst supporting language development. Take an action research approach to (for example Wrights, 1987, 2005) to develop a thorough understanding of my students learning and cognitive styles and my own attitudes. Use active listening to understand, modelling to improve and discussion to encourage communication Use teacher modelling strategies to develop the students autonomous language learning skills as exemplified by Lowes and Target (1998) in Helping Students to Learn. Providing a positive learning environment where mistakes are not derided Assign homework that re-caps and therefore re-enforces the issues covered in the lesson. Ensure equity in communication make sure everyone has a chance to speak. Everyteacher who has taught a group of grown-ups knows that some individuals may bereluctant to speak, especially when they realize or assume that other studentsare more fluent. (Turula,2002) References Allwright, D. Bailey, K. (1991). Focus on the LanguageClassroom. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press. Antonaros, S. (no date) Looking Inside and Out for the Answer toMotivating Our Learners http://www.tesolgreece.com/nl/75/7505.html)Accessed 7th February 2006 Davidoff, S., Van Den Berg, O. (1990) Changing YourTeaching. The challenge of the classroom. Pietermaritzburg: CentaurPublications Gardner, H. (1983) Frames of Mind. New York: Basic Books, Harmer, J (1998) How to Teach English. Harlow, UK: Longman Hismanoglu, M. (2000) Language Learning Strategies in ForeignLanguage Learning and Teaching, The Internet TESL Journal, Vol. VI, No.8, August 2000 Knowles, L (1982) Teaching and Reading. London, UK: NationalCouncil on Industrial Language Training. Krause, K., Bochner, S., Duchesne, S. (2003) EducationalPsychology for learning and teaching. Southbank, Victoria: Thomson. Kubes, M (1998) Adaptors and innovators in Slovakia: Cognitive styleand social culture. European Journal of Personality, 12(3), pp.187-198 Ladson-Billings, G. (1995). But thats just good teaching! The casefor culturally relevant pedagogy. Theory into Practice, 34(3), 159-165. Lowes, R. Target, F. (1998). Helping Students to Learn.London: Richmond. Malamah-Thomas, A. (987). Classroom Interaction. Oxford, UK:Oxford University Press. Nunan, D., Lamb, C. (1996). TheSelf-Directed Teacher. Cambridge, UK : Cambridge University Press. Oxford, R. (1990). Language Learning Strategies: What EveryTeacher Should Know. New York, USA: Newbury House Publishers. Richards, J.C., Lockhart, C.L. (1994). Reflective Teachingin Second Language Classrooms. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press. Richards, J.C. Nunan, D. (eds.). Second Language TeacherEducation. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press. Turula, A (2002) Language Anxiety and Classroom Dynamics: A Study ofAdult Learners. Forum English Teaching Online, US Dept of State, Vol.40 (2). http://exchanges.state.gov/forum/vols/vol40/no2/p28.htm#top Wilson, L (1998). Whats the big attraction? Why teachers aredrawn to using Multiple Intelligence Theory in their classrooms? http://www.newhorizons.org/strategies/mi/wilson1.htmAccessed 7 February 2006 Woods, D. (1996) Teacher Cognition inLanguage Education. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press Wright, T. (1987). Classroom Management inLanguage Education. Hampshire, UK: Palgrave Macmillan Wright, T. (1987). Roles of Teachers andLearners. Oxford, UK: Oxford University Press. Zhenhui, R. (2001) Matching Teaching Styles with Learning Stylesin East Asian Contexts, The Internet TESL Journal, Vol. VII, No. 7,July 2001 Matching teaching styles: http://iteslj.org/Techniques/Zhenhui-TeachingStyles.htmlaccessed 3 February 2006. Language Learning Strategies: http://iteslj.org/Articles/Hismanoglu-Strategies.htmlaccessed 3 February 2006 Maslows Heirarchy of Needs, Huitt, 2004, http://chiron.valdosta.edu/whuitt/col/regsys/maslow.html.Accessed 7 February 2006 Language Teaching http://www.ittmfl.org.uk/modules/effective/6a/paper6a4.pdfaccessed 5 February 2006

How Is Being An American Related To Young Goodman Brown? :: Free Essay Writer

Young Goodman Brown and Endicott and the Red Cross and two short stories that, I believe, have many subliminal messages. The author of both, Nathanial Hawthorne, uses symbolism many a time to bring across these messages along with his personal beliefs of life, and the people of the 17th century. Religion is the basis of both stories. Both men go against religion. So what is an American? Not necessarily someone that goes against religion, but stands up for their rights, for what they want.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The biggest symbol in Young Goodman Brown is the idea of faith. Before he goes on his â€Å"errand,† he is talking to his wife, promising he will come back, but in actuality he is talking to his faith, as in religion. He subconsciously knows he is going against his faith on this errand, but will return. â€Å"My love and my Faith,† replied young Goodman Brown, â€Å"of all nights in the year, this one night must I tarry away from thee. My journey, as thou callest it, forth and back again†¦Ã¢â‚¬  When Brown says later in the story â€Å"I am losing my Faith†, he is not only about his wife, (which is shown through her pink ribbon in the tree), but more about his religion, which is flashing before his eyes. This errand was a test of Goodman Brown’s faith. When Brown hears people singing hymns in swears, it is a symbol of the corruption of the church. The name Goodman Brown I think is very ironic. Is he a good man after this errand?   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The sword in Endicott and the Red Cross is a symbol of the ideas of the Puritans. When Endicott thrust his sword through the flag, he was using their new idea to get rid of those of the English. When he pointed at people with the sword when he was talking, he was referring to his beliefs. â€Å"But Endicott, in the excitement of the moment, shook his sword wrathfully at the culprit†¦Ã¢â‚¬  This is showing how he put his ideas in the face of Williams and the English. The Red Cross represents the English power and religious ideas forced upon the citizens of the colonies. When Endicott cut the red cross out of the flag, he was ridding his people of the English power. This was going against religion, a common theme among Hawthorne’s writings.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  What is an American? After reading these two passages, I would have to say that we are a people that religion is not really a big thing.

Infosys: Financing an Indian Software Start-Up

Infosys is small software development venture which provides information technology (IT) consulting services for international clients. The company is located in Bangalore and was founded back in 1981 by a small group of skllfull entrepreneurs, with very little equity of 1000$ and without backing from a large companies. Mr. R. Narayana Murthy is the CEO and chairman and Nandan Nilekani is the president and chief operating officer (COO), of Infosys Technologies Ltd. Being a company grounded on a Indian soil at that tome was not an advantage for Infosys because the economic policy supported by the government prior to 1991 caused many problems for business, especially for those businesses that wanted to import goods from a foreign market. Therefore the easiest business solution for Infosys was to develop software services , since production of hardware could have been a troble because all the devices they need for the hardware development were imported from abroad. Because the domestic market held no real opportunity for the new company, Infosys focused on international markets for its software products. Up till 1999 Narayana Murthy bought out all the shares from the remaining founders, the company has dramatically transformed its business and image and grown with over 100 employees. It faced possible bancropcy but somehow managed to survive it, took the advantage of the capital markets with one of the first market-priced IPOs and brought itself a tremendous growth in its business. It is our vision at Infosys, to create world-class leaders who will be at the forefront of business and technology in today's competitive marketplace. Challenges: As the mission for the company was to become a globally respected firm and a leader in the Indian market, they needed to transform Infosys as a desirable place to work not only for domestic people but also for the foreigners who have complementary skills. That is why they have invested the money from the IPO and created an environment that would enhance the overall experience for employees by taking three most important values: learning value-added, if there is financial value-added, and if there is emotional value-added. This was very well percieved by the internal employees as well as all other gratuated students who were considering Infosys as the best place to work. Employees had very good training programm, chance for carrier development, possibility for company loans for private reasons etc. Infosys even offered stock options to all qualified employees. The factor which helped Infosys to grow at a faster pace than others was the low employee turnover. The turnover rate at Infosys was around 11% as opposed to industry average for software companies' of over 25% during the 1990s. Infosys' retention capability was a function both of its rigorous selection procedures as well as proactive HRD practices Increasing productivity was their next challenge in order to remain competitive on a global basis. Therefore they considered three objectives: increase our customer penetration, to increase our brand equity, increase the amount of fixed price contracts we work on. Hiring international employees was a possibility to accomplish many of the objectives with regard to productivity. And finally the most important challenge was regarding future growth and financing. Infosys' shares trade on the Bombay Stock Exchange. The company must decide whether it should seek to also list its shares on a U. S. stock exchange and, if yes, whether to list on NASDAQ or NYSE. Solution: There are several opportunities and constraints for considering the current situation and objective of the company. The main challenge is to move up the value chain by increasing our revenues per employee and by increasing our customer base. For accomplishing this goal, the brand should be enhanced not with tools like advertising and other â€Å"traditional† forms of marketing but with word-of-mouth publicity that will highlight the uniqueness of our company compared to our competitors. Secondly, an ADR offering in the United States would help accomplish other goals, such as the recruitment of international employees. Thirdly, in addition to providing currency for our employees, a listing would also provide currency for acquisitions in the United States or any another international location. Finally, it would be helpful for our current investors as well. Very few contraints appeared for infosys’s listing on the US exchange, mostly related to the valuation of the company on the US exhange. Conclusions: In my opinion I think the company should be list its shares on the US exhange due to the following reasons: The offering would be fantastic for investors as there are very few, if any, comparable ways to invest in this part of the world and there is a huge desire to invest in international markets. Possibility to recrute international employees. Finally with the listing Infosys will voluntarily opt to behave like a US domestic issuer, rather than subjecting itself to the less stringent standards of a foreign issuer. When it comes for deciding the right exchange, I would choose NASDAQ since it is a favoired market for technology stocks and offers better conditions for foreign companies unlike NYSE .

A Progressive Democracy essays

A Progressive Democracy essays The Progressive Era was a period in American history in which improving working conditions, exposing corruption, improving the way of life, expanding democracy, and making reforms were the objectives at hand. Many American citizens eagerly demanded a change in numerous areas such as business, labor, the economy, and an increase of democracy. Democracy flourished during the Progressive Era. Many new plans were constructed to help the American People. This was the true goal of all Progressives, to help the American society. The progressive period was marked with the arrival of three great presidents: Roosevelt, Taft, and Wilson. All three of these presidents fought for the common good of the people. Teddy Roosevelt was known as the "trust buster" and that is exactly what he did to help control big business. Many large corporations had complete control of the services that they were selling. Roosevelt went in to these companies and helped to stop this type of monopoly. The biggest trust that Roosevelt busted was the one involving Northern Securities and J.P. Morgan. Roosevelt was also a big supporter of labor he tried almost everything and anything to help the citizens of the United States. Teddy set up child protection laws, which were used to prevent children to work in factories, and it also reduced the amount of time they worked. Roosevelt also set up workman's compensation, which is a payment that employers had to pay workers who got injured on the job. This not only helped families to keep going during a time of tragedy but also allowed to workers to have a fair time to regain strength in order to return to work. Roosevelt tried his best to help consumers. He proposed to congress the Pure Food and Drug Act. Teddy demanded that congress pass this act because he thought the way consumers were being treated was wrong. This act was used to protect citizens from unsafe medicines and food. The Meat Inspect...

The People of the State of California v. Scott Peterson

The People of the State of California v. Scott Peterson Free Online Research Papers Scott Peterson now sits in San Quentin State Prison in California. He is there serving a sentence which will ultimately end in death by lethal injection once his appeals run out. He is serving this sentence for murder of his wife, Laci Peterson, and his unborn son, Conner, who he reported missing on Christmas eve, 2002. At first, this case seemed like it was more of a missing person case, not necessarily a murder case, and Scott was initially definitely not a suspect as Laci’s family and friends stood behind him and maintained their belief that he was innocent. It was not until other matters came to light that they began to question Scott’s involvement in the disappearance of Laci, which eventually led to Scott being where he is today. The first issue was Scott’s inconsistencies in the stories that he was telling the police. The things he was telling them from one day to the other were different. That he had a business meeting initially, then he retracted that story and said that he was in the marina fishing and came home to find Laci gone, but when asked what he was fishing for, he could not provide a good answer. Then of course it came out that Scott had a mistress, as well as other extramarital affairs. The mistress, Amber Frey, sought the police’s assistance when she realized that the man she was â€Å"in love† with was actually married and that his wife had disappeared, therefore she also feared for her safety. Around the time that it came out about Scott’s affairs, the family and friends that once supported him began to withdraw, believing that Scott in fact did murder Laci and Conner, not because of his affairs per se, but because he told Ms. Frey, 15 days before Laci disappe ared, that he â€Å"lost† his wife and that this would be his first Christmas alone. On April 14, 2003, a male fetus washed ashore north of the marina where Scott had been boating the day Laci disappeared, which was positively identified as Conner. The next day, a female torso, missing her head, hands and feet washed ashore in the same area. These remains were positively identified as Laci’s. Autopsies could not be performed on the bodies due to the significant decomposition, so a specific cause of death could not be determined. On April 18, 2003, Scott Peterson was arrested in the parking lot of a golf course. At the time of his arrest, Peterson was carrying $15,000, four cell phones, credit cards belonging to multiple family members, camping equipment, shoes, clothing, and his brother’s driver’s license. His hair and beard color had also been changed from brown to blonde. Peterson went on trial in June of 2004, not in the city of Modesto, due to the fact that there may not be a fair trial, but instead to nearby Redwood City. The prosecution said the motive behind Peterson’s actions were due to his affair with Amber Frey as well as money. They believed he killed his wife due to insurmountable debt as well as his desire to be single. The defense argued that there was no direct evidence to connect Scott Peterson to the murders of Laci and Conner, but that all the evidence uncovered was circumstantial. In fact, the only DNA evidence that was found was one of Laci’s hairs in a pair of pliers on Scott’s boat. The defense went on to say that a satanic cult had murdered Laci in some sort of sacrificial ritual. There was no cause of death, no time of death, no murder weapon, no evidence as to how she was killed, no identifiable crime scene, no eyewitnesses, no confessions. Everyone in America knew Scott Petersons alibi was that he w as fishing in the bay within a few days of her disappearance. It would be a logical place for the killer to dump the body, thereby framing Scott (because an exact time of death could not be determined). In fact, that was the defense’s argument, but the jury didnt buy it. The state did not prove beyond a reasonable doubt that Scott Peterson killed Laci and Conner. On March 16, 2005, Scott Peterson was sentenced to death by lethal injection for the double murder of his wife and unborn son as well as ordered to pay $10,000 towards Laci’s funeral. At some point later on after sentencing, the judge who sent Peterson to jail (Alfred Delucchi) expressed some doubts about the imposition of the death penalty on Scott. The death penalty was an option because Peterson was convicted of murdering two people. Under California law, a fetus is considered a person in this context, which is why he was convicted of a double murder. California has determinant sentencing laws, meaning the judge may impose one of three terms – low term, mid term or high term of a person convicted of a felony. These are exact terms and not on the same line as a person convicted in another state of â€Å"two to five years†. Crimes of heat or passion versus premeditated, cold-blooded murders are what differentiate life sentences from the death penalty. Of the states that allow the death penalty, California is the slowest in moving toward executions. It could easily be 10 to 20 years before Scott Peterson is injected. There are more than 600 inmates on death row and since 1978, when the death penalty was reinstated in California, only 11 people have been executed. Peterson’s case is on appeal as of his sentencing date (due to automatic appeal), though at this time, according to the California Appellate Court website there is no other data available regarding this case. The appeals process is sometimes a lengthy one, but it can be guaranteed that once the arguments against his conviction are heard, it will once again become news. References California Appellate Courts Website http://appellatecases.courtinfo.ca.gov Merritt, J. (2005). Scott Peterson Sentencing. Retrieved from washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/articles/A40569-2005Mar16.html Montaldo, C. (2008). The Scott Peterson Trial. Retrieved from http://crime.about.com/od/current/a/scott.htm Research Papers on The People of the State of California v. Scott PetersonThe Relationship Between Delinquency and Drug UseThe Fifth HorsemanBook Review on The Autobiography of Malcolm XCapital PunishmentArguments for Physician-Assisted Suicide (PAS)19 Century Society: A Deeply Divided EraLifes What IfsThe Masque of the Red Death Room meaningsHonest Iagos Truth through DeceptionCanaanite Influence on the Early Israelite Religion

(Criminal Justice) Police Discretion & Corruption Assignment

(Criminal Justice) Police Discretion & Corruption - Assignment Example Big police departments are more likely to be corrupt. This is because they can develop a sub-culture that will prevent any large scale reformation even when corrupt practices are exposed (Walker & Katz, 2005). Police departments that are located in crime prone areas are also more likely to have corrupt officers because of the reigning apathy in the community in regards to crime. Police officers who are corrupt or abuse their power are not reprimanded or punished enough for their actions. This is the reason why police corruption is not fully eradicated in many places. Examples of allowable discretion include jay walking and littering the neighborhood. This is because laws against both crimes or misdemeanors may be expressed in broad terms that do not fit the vagueness of the misdemeanors (Reid, 2006). This means that it is left to the policeman on the street to interpret how he ought to implement this type of legislation. In crimes such as domestic battery and aggressive hate crimes, the officers in question should use the laws against these crimes to full effect. The officer is right in the suggestions he makes about a police officer using his discretion when determining the right option to take when a driver engages in a misdemeanor. Nash rightly observed that there are a range of options that police officers could use in determining the seriousness of the crime or misdemeanor that has been committed (Policedynamicschanel, 2012). Even though there is not enough time for an officer to learn about all aspects of an individual who breaks the law, it is very important for him or her to determine, through present interactions with the accused, if he should charge him or her, or make an allowance in the case of traffic

Mass Communications. Does the media give us the Truth Essay

Mass Communications. Does the media give us the Truth - Essay Example Because of this unique position, the media can be considered something of a ‘fourth branch of government’ as an informed citizenry is part of the checks and balances of a society. In many ways, society depends upon the media to hold our elected officials accountable. However, society also expects to be entertained creating some difficulty in ascertaining whether the media is capable of delivering the truth. Media acts as the link between people’s personal lives to events outside what they encounter in their everyday routine so truth is important, but can truth be defined in such black and white terms? It seems clear that while professional journalists do everything they can to deliver a truthful and verifiable report, truth is often more subjective than one might be tempted to believe. Television is a truly democratic mass medium that spreads information uniformly without regard to wealth, position or education and has clearly broadened our political dialogue. Its abilities as a mass communicator are rivaled only by the internet which has not yet caught up to the television in every home concept. The average community in the developed world now receives more than 30 channels of television with many areas receiving literally hundreds of choices at the click of a button. This diversity of programming presents perspectives regarding every conceivable characteristic of society. The viewing public has the chance to view Parliament in session and thus take a more active interest in the decisions that will have some bearing on their lives at home. Other channels or an internet search will enable them to become more informed about the issues under debate and this better-informed citizen can then make wiser decisions during the next election cycle. With all of these potent ial social conduits, there are now greater opportunities for political leaders to ensure

Advantages might employees see in working for a truly global company Essay

Advantages might employees see in working for a truly global company - Essay Example In other words, the global companies operating outside of their home country in as much as possible would want their track records in a highly impeccable standard to ensure effective operations. Foreign companies operating overseas are found to have significant concern on human resource management prior to maximizing effective operations (Farley et al., 2004). According to Farley et al. (2004), maximizing efficiency and striving for superior quality are top priorities in the core values of MNC subsidiaries in China, which are synonymous with ability and performance as key considerations in promotion and salary. This potential point is primarily related with cultural issue. Global companies especially originating from other countries will tend to adapt and put a high value of consideration of cultural issues. Thus, this might be clearly emphasized in the HR (Human Resource) context. The very reason is the point that the human resource is highly associated with cultural background. In fact, every organization has specific cultural context which at some point would remarkably give potential impact on how the general human resource is dealt with. For example, the parent firm is normally known to formulate its corporate culture which can be observed in its core values, amidst the existing culture and tradition in the host country as this is significantly viewed to maximize effective operations and achievement of competitive advantage (Farley et al., 2004). Working therefore in companies like this will prove to be challenging but promising at some point due to the fact that in an organization diverse culture orientations can be remarkable (McSweeney, 2002). The probable difference between MNC subsidiaries and Multi-National Enterprise from a home country is therefore the presence of foreign culture in the former that could be simultaneously integrated with the firms’ organizational culture prior to

Suspense of the audience Essay Example for Free

Suspense of the audience Essay This biblical connection serves as a warning to the audience that Elizabeth is going to die! You can hear the rain dripping against the building and roof that gives this particular part an eerie effect, because it sounds like the drums used before an execution. We move onto the next scene. After you see the silhouette of the monster that tricks you to believe that you are looking at him from Elizabeths point of view almost immediately you see nothing but the hand cover Elizabeths mouth you see it being done with a birds eye view so you can tell exactly what has happened to her. We then go outside to the three men once again. Victor sees the balcony door open and shouts Elizabeth! in a frantic voice! Building up the sense of urgency. The music is reaching a crescendo in sympathy with the action on the screen. The final scene is also the most action-packed! There is a close-up of the Creature lying on top of a very scared and terrified Elizabeth, each staring at the other in silence this is a very quiet moment for the audience; it gives you your breath back from the outside! There is eerie music in the background to match with this eerie moment. The audience has time to contemplate what will happen next? Will the monster let her go or will she die? The close up reveals the monster looking admirably at Elizabeth and for a moment we believe she will escape. It still has the amber glow inside, but because this is a different situation the amber doesnt give out the romantic feel anymore, it gives out a chilling feel instead! The silence is broken when Elizabeth asks not be hurt. This is still a close up and you can hear Elizabeth breathing in fear and see the expression on her confused and bewildered face. The creature takes up a lot of the camera space in this shot; he wears black that is a sign that the evil is domineering over the good. Dont bother screaming, demands the creature in case they find him. He says it again to make himself clear. At this moment you feel sorry for Elizabeth, because you know she is going to die and you are part of her experience because the camera angle is a close-up and you feel her emotions. The Creature says, Your even lovelier than I had expected there is then a flash of lightening in the foreground it catches the eye of the creature, he is blinded and bewildered by it for a split second, he recovers and hears Victor shout Elizabeth from outside the room. He suddenly digs his hand into Elizabeths chest, the three men then burst in and all of a sudden the Creature catches the audience off-guard by ripping the heart out of Elizabeth in a matter of milliseconds and turning to Victor utters, I keep my promises. The three men start to shoot at the creature, but the creature throws the dead Elizabeth off the bed her hair catches fire which brings in more excitement for the viewers. The creature makes a dash for the balcony window and jumps out onto the ground. This is all mid-shot, and distances you from the action so that you can see the whole picture. The scene ends with the romantic feel it started off with, but this is a tragic romance as we are left to watch Victor cradling the dead Elizabeth in his arms after putting the fire out of the hair. My evaluation The director has used a wide range of skills to contribute to the success of this scene. He shifts the viewers through a range of emotions and expectations through his use of contrast, lighting and sound. The sense of suspense is heightened by the use of small short, contrasting scenes cut quickly between them. In my opinion, the director should try to and use the audiences four senses so that the audience feels even more part of the film, thus becoming more scared when something harrowing happens! I think a brilliant idea to back this up would to be adding smell and touch for example you can smell the flowers and candles burning in the love scene and you can feel the warmth and smooth fabric on the bed. I think that the director was very effective in the scene and made good use of what he could. He used lighting, sounds and images which all made the audience hooked into the scene. I in particular was glued to it, and was always thinking, What will happen next? It does seem like a mad rush but that is good in horror films, the quick feeling of adrenalin pumping through the body is the main objective of the director! Conclusion The scene that I studied was a very good example of a horror movie! There were all the ingredients that are needed to fulfil a good horror movie, such as the normal love scene turning into a horror scene. Contrast plays an important part in horror movies. For example, there was the contrast between the beauty of Elizabeth and the ugliness of the Creature and the beauty of the love scene which shows the creation of life through love and the contrast of the death about to befall her. The director uses very good techniques to keep the audience glued to the film. He let the audience know there was horror awaiting outside, but inside Elizabeth was completely unaware of what was about to befall her and the audience just want to let her know that she should get out of there, but we feel frustrated because we cant do anything about the information we have. The audiences emotions are therefore heightened and confused. I especially like the use of colours in the love scene and the contrast with the turmoil of the dark storm outside. I think that emphasises the mood of the whole scene the evil that lurks outside. I also like the flips between the inside and the outside, where you feel warm and secure inside and vulnerable and scared outside! The director is playing with the emotions of the audience. Overall, it is an effective scene I think it could even be an inspiration to other horror film directors because of the techniques that were used and the way they were used! By Matthew Kutner 10G Matthew Kutner 10G 1 Show preview only The above preview is unformatted text This student written piece of work is one of many that can be found in our GCSE Mary Shelley section.

Hindustan petroleum corporation limited

Hindustan petroleum corporation limited Chapter-1 1.1Introduction to Hindustan Petroleum HPCL (Hindustan Petroleum Corporation Limited), a Navratna PSU of the Government of India, is a Fortune 500 company of India listed at number 311 in the global 500 rankings, with an annual turnover of over Rs. 1,16,428 Crores and sales/income from operations of Rs 1,31,802 Crores (US$ 25,618 Millions) during financial year 2008-09, about 20% Marketing share in India and a strong market infrastructure. Corresponding figures for financial year 2007-08 are: Turnover- Rs 1,03,837 crores, and sales/income from Operations- Rs. 1,12,098 Crores (US$ 25,142 Million). HPCL operates 2 major refineries producing a wide variety of petroleum fuels specialties, one in Mumbai (West Coast) of 5.5 Million Metric Tonnes Per Annum (MMTPA) capacity and the other in Vishakapatnam, (East Coast) with a capacity of 7.5 MMTPA. HPCL holds an equity stake of 16.95% in Mangalore Refinery Petrochemicals Limited (MRPL), a state-of-the-art refinery at Mangalore with a capacity of 9 MMTPA. Another Refinery of 9 MMTPA is under construction in Bathinda, Punjab by HMEL, a Joint Venture with Mittal Energy Investments Pte.Ltd. HPCL also owns and operates the largest Lube Refinery in India producing Lube Base Oils of international standards. With a capacity of 335 TMT. This Lube Refinery accounts for over 40% of the Indias total Lube Base Oil production. Presently HPCL produces over 300+ grades of Lubes, Specialities and Greases. The marketing network of HPCL consists of 13 Zonal offices in major cities and 90 Regional offices facilitated by a Supply Distribution infrastructure comprising Terminals, Aviation Service Facilities, LPG Bottling Plants, Lube filling plants, Inland Relay Depots, Retail Outlets (Petrol Pumps) and LPG Lube Distributorships. HPCL has, over the years, moved from strength to strength on all fronts. The refining capacity steadily increased from 5.5 million metric tonnes in 1984/85 to 13.00 million metric tonnes (MMT) now. On the financial front, the turnover grew from Rs. 2687 crores in 1984-85 to Rs 1,31,802 Crores in Financial year 2008-09. 1.2History of Hindustan Petroleum Ltd. 1952 The Company was incorporated in the name of Standard Vacuum Refining Company of India Limited on July 5, 1952 under the Indian Companies Act, VII of 1913. 1962 On 31st March the name was changed to ESSO Standard Refining Company of India Limited. 1976 With the nationalization of Caltex Undertakings in India the same were also taken over by the Government of India and subsequently merged with HPCL. 1979 The undertakings of Kosangas Company Ltd. were merged with HPCL. As part of the disinvestment in PSUs, shares of HPCL were sold by the Government to Financial Institutions, Mutual Funds and Banks. Presently the Government holding in HPCL is 60.31%. The balance is being held by Financial Institutions, Mutual Funds, Banks, Foreign Institutional Investors, Employees and Individual Shareholders. It has co-promoted several joint ventures like Mangalore Refinery Petrochemicals (MRPL), Hindustan Colas, Petronet India, Punjab Refinery Project, Visakh Power Project, Prize Petroleum Co South Asia LPG Co. 1983 The capacity of lube plant was increased by an additional 74,000 tonnes per annum of high viscosity index lube base stocks. 1985 The crude unit and related off-sites were commissioned in January and fluid catalytic cracking unit was commissioned in August. During the year corporation embarked upon a project to expand the crude distillation capacity at Mumbai by 2 million tonnes per annum at an estimated cost of Rs.45 crores. This project was commissioned in April. 1988 Mangalore Refineries Petrochemicals Ltd., is the first joint sector refinery being set up in the country after the Government has allowed entry of the private sector in the petroleum refining industry. 1989 During the year corporation installed the latest C-generations concept 3*10 MW gas turbines to meet the power requirement at Bombay Refinery with facilities to generate steam simultaneously. 1991 During September 3*10 MW gas turbine generators and heat recovery steam generators were commissioned at a cost of Rs.79.22 crores at Mumbai. 1993 During March an MOU was entered into between Govt. of India and Govt. of Sultanate of Oman, HPCL and Oman Oil Co., Ltd., for setting up 6 million TPA refinery on the West Coast of India through a joint venture company called Hindustan Oman Petroleum Co. Ltd. 1995 During February, the company issued 173,50,000 equity shares of Rs.10 each with detachable warrants of Rs.380 each as follows. a. On firm allotment basis: i) 34,70,000 equity shares with warrants to Indian Financial institutions ii) 3,35,000 shares with warrants to Indian Mutual Funds. b. Preferencial allotment basis: i) 17,35,000 shares with warrants to share to employees ii) 17,75,000 shares with warrants to shareholders of the company, iii) 34,70,000 shares with warrants to NRIs, balance 66,05,000 shares were issued to the public. 1996 During the year March a joint venture with Colas S.A of France, the company commenced its first State-of-the-art Bitumen emulsion Plant of 20,000 TPA capacity at Vashi, named Hindustan Coalas Ltd. 1999 American Express and Hindustan Petroleum Corporation has signed a memorandum of understanding (MoU) for card acceptance at various gas stations. Hindustan Petroleum Corporation Ltd (HPCL) and Gas Authority of India Ltd (GAIL) have entered into an agreement for setting up a liquefied petroleum gas (LPG) pipeline and infrastructure from Visakhapatnam to Secunderabad via Rajamundry and Vijayawada. The Foreign Investment Promotion Board (FIPB) has allowed the joint venture of Hindustan Petroleum Corporation (HPCL) and Total of France, to set up LNG terminals and venture into downstream activities such as marketing of petro-products, etc. Hindustan Petroleum Corporation Ltd (HPCL) is celebrating its silver jubilee year with Shakti Utsavs in major Indian cities. Hindustan Petroleum Corporation Ltd. has introduced its smart card in Bangalore for the first time in the country. 2004 HPCL Marketing Initiatives in Sri Lanka Hindustan Petroleum Corporation Ltd (HPCL) has formed a 50:50 joint venture with Total Gas and Power India (TGPI), a wholly-owned subsidiary of Total France, to develop the biggest underground Cavern LPG Storage project at Visakhapatnam Gets award for industrial safety by National Safety Council, Kerala Chapter in chemical industries sector Inks pact with Shell India Private Ltd for product and infrastructure sharing between the two companies Signs agreement with US Pizza, a pizza outlet, which would be opening over 500 delivery units at HPCLs outlets around the country. The understanding is aimed at making the partnership the largest food chain in the country Mr S. Roy Choudhary has been appointed as Director-Marketing in Hindustan Petroleum Corporation Ltd (HPCL), effective May 10 Hindustan Petroleum Corporation Ltd on June 26 signed a memorandum of understanding with Indian Oil Corporation Ltd Birla Power Solutions, a Yash Birla Group company, has tied up with Hindustan Petroleum Corp Ltd (HPCL) to produce electricity generators, which run on LPG HPCL launches unique smart card Hindustan Petroleum Corporation signs MoU Confidentiality agreement with Chevron Texaco 2005 HPCL signs MoU with RCF (Rashtriya Chemicals Fertilisers Ltd ) HPCL ropes in Sania Mirza to endorse retail brands Pizza Corner forges alliance with HPCL Amex, HPCL unveils co-branded credit card HPCL opens new LPG bunk in Visakhapatnam HPCL partners with MSFCL for bio-diesel venture HPCL signed an agreement with BP plc (formerly known as British Petroleum) to form 50:50 strategic joint venture partnership HPCL signs MoU with Gail on November 16, 2005 2006 HPCL, MyTVS unveils MyTVS Club HP Smart1 cards HPCL signs MoU with SINOPEC HPCL join hands with Malbro Appliances to market LPG stoves Kamat Group joins hand with HPCL for food joints Nirlep Appliances Ltd, manufacturer of cookware, has entered into a marketing pack with HPCL for marketing non-stick cookware, regular inner and outer lid pressure cookers and gas stoves. 2007 Hindustan Petroleum Corporation Ltd (HPCL) has informed that Shri. Arun Balakrishnan earlier Director (HR) has taken charge as Chairman Managing Director of the Company effective April 01, 2007 (AM). Hindustan Petroleum Corporation Ltd (HPCL) and ONGC have signed a Memorandum of Understanding (MoU), covering Product Sale Purchase, Infrastructure Services and Co-operation in Energy related fields. Hindustan Petroleum Corporation Ltd (HPCL) has informed that Shri. P V Rajaraman, retired IAS Officer and former Chairman of Tamilnadu Industrial Investment Corporation has been co-opted as part-time Non-officio Director on the Board of the Company. Mr V. Vizia Saradhi assumed charge as the Director, Human Resources, of the HPCL on Aug 3. Hindustan Petroleum Corporation Ltd (HPCL) has informed that Shri. V Viziasaradhi has been appointed as Director Human Resources on the Board of the Company effective August 03, 2007 (PM). 2008 Hindustan Petroleum Corporation Ltd (HPCL) has informed that Shri. L N Gupta, Joint Secretary Refineries, Ministry of Petroleum Natural Gas (MOPNG) has been co-opted as part-time ex-officio Director on the Board of HPCL at the Board Meeting held on June 25, 2008 (PM). 2009 Hindustan Petroleum Corporation Ltd (HPCL) has appointed following firms as statutory / Branch Auditors for the Financial year 2009-10. V. Sankar Aiyar Co. : Joint Statutory Auditors Om Agarwal Co. : Joint Statutory Auditors Gandhy Co. : Branch Auditors for Visakh Refinery. 1.3Products Hindustan Petroleum Corporation Ltd. a diverse range of products, from petrochemicals and solvents to aircraft fuel and speciality lubricants and markets them through its wide network of Petrol Stations, Kerosene Dealers, LPG Distributors, Lube Shoppes, besides supplying fuel directly to hundreds of industries, and several international and domestic airlines. Unaudited Financial Result for 2nd Quarter 2009-2010 28th Oct. 2009: Hindustan Petroleum Corporation Limited has registered a turnover of Rs. 25,868 crores for the period July September, 2009 as against Rs. 32,691 crores in the corresponding previous period largely due to the decline in the international prices of crude oil and products. The sales of petroleum products (including exports) have increased to 6.26 million tonnes registering a growth of above 4% over the second quarter of the previous year. The growth in domestic sales during April September, 2009 was 6.4%, the highest growth among oil marketing PSUs. The refineries at Mumbai and Visakh processed 8.12 million tonnes of crude during April September, 2009 as against 7.55 million tonnes during April September, 2008. The combined GRM recorded for April September, 2009 was US $ 3.79 /bbl. On the financial front, the loss for the period July-September, 2009 was Rs.137 crores as against a loss of Rs 3,219 crores for July-September, 2008. However for the period April September, 2009, HPCL reported a profit after tax of Rs 512 crores as against a loss of Rs 4,107 crores during April September, 2008. The interest cost for July-September, 2009 was lower at Rs 249 crores, as compared to Rs 527 crores during the same period of previous year. The decrease in interest cost was due to lower levels of borrowings as also lower rates of interest. The net under recovery on sale of sensitive petroleum products during the second quarter also came down to Rs 1,453 crores from Rs 1,818 crores during corresponding previous period. During the quarter, the foreign exchange gain was Rs 92 crores as against loss of Rs 245 crores in the corresponding quarter of last year. The facilities for Euro III petrol production at Mumbai Refinery and at Visakh Refinery have been commissioned during this quarter. The new JV Refinery at Bathinda, viz. HPCL Mittal Energy Ltd. (HMEL) is progressing as per schedule. About 50% physical completion has already been achieved. The Project is progressing ahead of schedule and mechanical completion is expected by March, 2011. Chapter-2 Review of literature 2.1Review of Literature Hydro Oil Energy increases annual production growth rate to 8%(2002) NORDIC BUSINESS REPORT-12 June 2002-Hydro Oil Energy increases annual production growth rate to 8% (C)1994-2002 M2 COMMUNICATIONS LTD http://www.m2.com The Norwegian company Norsk Hydro ASA said today that it had revised upward the production profile and average annual production growth rate of its Hydro Oil Energy business. Staying Power(2004) The North Sea oil industry is a quintessentially Scottish business, with its operational hub in Aberdeen. Aberdeen has built a reputation for excellence in supporting the UK oil and gas industry. With oil and gas production amounting to about 3.7m barrels of oil equivalent a day (boe/d), Scotland remains a significant hydrocarbons producer in world terms. And a considerable amount of hydrocarbons remains to be produced up to 30bn boe, the UK Offshore Operators Association claims. But while the North Sea offers growth opportunities for niche operators, Aberdeen must reach out to other regions and new business areas. To remain an active source of oilfield services, a focus on research and development and innovative thinking will be needed, as well as timely government help. Oil wealth offers new opportunity(2004) With international banks set to enter Saudi Arabias previously guarded markets, as the long-awaited capital market law comes into effect, the threat of increased competition is looming on the horizon for the countrys banks. At the same time, one of Saudi banks main sources of income the issuance of government paper is slowly drying up. Despite this, Saudi institutions can look forward to a bright future of growing lending opportunities and robust profitability. As consumers embark on an oil-driven spending spree, the local market is as buoyant as it has been for many years. Consumer lending shows no signs of abating and margins remain fat enough to compensate for a tailing off in the issuance of government debt. With Saudi Arabia pumping out more than nine million barrels of crude at oil prices above $35 per barrel, the government is overflowing with liquidity. QATAR: Gas-based development delivers growth(2004) Qatari and international oil companies plan to spend more than 55 billion dollars in the next decade on hydrocarbons projects, according to an oil official in Doha this week. SIGNIFICANCE: Qatar has developed a strategy to reduce dependence on oil and maximize its other hydrocarbons resources, and has undertaken significant economic and political reforms. The vigor with which it has pursued these could provide a model for other Gulf states. Reforms fuel growth boom(2005) North Africa is a good place to do business. North African companies dominate the top companies rankings, be they the oil and gas companies of Algeria and Egypt; tourism companies in Tunisia and Morocco or construction, telecoms and IT businesses throughout the sub-region. Egypts foreign reserves broke the $17 billion level to record $17.32 billion last February, compared to $16.6 billion in January. The formal economy is still dominated by the oil and gas sector, with Sonatrach accounting over 40% of GDP and 95% of exports. The telecoms sector has also posted strong growth. In the year September 2004, Orascom Algeria, through its subsidiary Djezzy, saw its revenues increase five-fold since 2002, from $107 million to $523 million. Algeria, through Sonatrach, is now the second largest supplier of gas to Europe after US: mixed blessings(2006) Its a great time to be in the US petroleum storage business. With imports of crude oil and gasoline reaching record levels and domestic refineries churning out products at an almost unprecedented pace, utilization rates have continued to climb at the tank farms that serve the energy industry. In many parts of the country, terminals are operating at or near capacity. In response to these favorable market conditions, the industry has experienced some expansion, with master limited partnerships (MLPs), such as Valero, leading the way. Magellan Midstream Partners (MMP) recently added 0.6 million barrels of capacity to its refined-products terminals in Corpus Christi, TX, and Marrero, LA. Because of the long lead time required, the decision to add tankage is not one firms take lightly. Some terminal companies are opting instead to expand capacity through acquisition, continuing the trend towards industry consolidation. Growth rate in India may dip due to oil prices, inflation (2006 ) New Delhi, Sep 3 Indias scorching economic growth rate, the second fastest in the world after China for the last three years, is expected to slow down this fiscal due to high international oil prices and fear of high inflation. The Confederation of Indian Industry (CII) is sticking to its June projection of India clocking around eight percent growth in 2006-07, less than the economic growth of 8.4 percent last fiscal. The estimate of lower growth, the leading industry lobby states in its latest State of the Economy (SOE) report, is based on expectations of higher inflationary pressures strives, some problems, and oil industry earnings growth is slowing down(2007) The giant oil company, formed by the merger of HPCL. and Amoco Corp. in 1998, has set the bar high with production growth targets that exceed those of its competitors. Oil Gas(2009 ) The oil and gas industry has been instrumental in fuelling the rapid growth of the Indian economy. The petroleum and natural gas sector which includes transportation, refining and marketing of petroleum products and gas constitutes over 15 per cent of the GDP.Petroleum exports have also emerged as the single largest foreign exchange earner, accounting for 17.24 per cent of the total exports in 2007-08. Growth continued in 2008-09 with the export of petroleum products touching US$ 23.63 billion during April-December 2008.In November 2008, the Cabinet Committee on Economic Affairs awarded 44 oil and gas exploration blocks under the seventh round of auction of the New Exploration Licensing Policy (Nelp-VII). The overall number of blocks brought under exploration now exceeds 200.The allocation is likely to bring in investments worth US$ 1.5 billion. The eighth round of auction is going to be later this year. Govt may hike petrol price by Rs2 a litre, diesel by Re1 (2009) The government has been mulling decontrolling petrol and diesel prices for couple of months now but may be fast losing the window as the move would now result in steep rise in fuel prices Oil India plans IPO to raise as much as $570 mln( 2009) NEW DELHI, Aug 25 (Reuters) Explorer Oil India Ltd plans to raise as much as 27.8 billion rupees ($570 million) through an IPO next month, a senior official said, making it the second state-run firm to offer new shares to the public this year.Oil India, which deferred an IPO last year amid the global financial crisis, has set a price band of 950 rupees to 1,050 rupees a share, Director for Finance T. K. Ananth Kumar said by phone on Tuesday.We have set an exploration and production programmed for the next two years where we will use the IPO proceeds, he said.Oil India, which is tasked with scouting for oil and gas along with larger state-run rival Oil and Natural Gas Corp (ONGC.BO), has planned to invest 45 billion rupees in exploration and production over the next two years, he said. Some alternate fuels show growth rate(2009) A lot has been written lately about natural-gas powered vehicles. A story appeared Feb. 16 in the Oil Gas Journal by Sam Fletcher that pointed out that natural gas has been around as a transportation fuel since World War II.Natural gas vehicles have increased dramatically in recent years from 1.7 million vehicles worldwide in 2001 to more than 7 million today. NGVs have increased rapidly in Europe and South America primarily because of environmental concerns and rising prices for crude oil, gasoline and diesel. The International Association for Natural Gas Vehicles predicts a growth rate of 18 percent, which represents about 65 million NGVs by 2020. Chapter-3 3.1Objectives of Study The objective of the research is to study the growth rate of Hindustan Petroleum. It includes following:- Growth of Hindustan Petroleum as compare to the other petroleum companies. To study the brand image of the Hindustan Petroleum. To analyze the satisfaction level of the customers for the services of Hindustan Petroleum. The objective of the model is also to predict the behavior of a customer, regarding consumption of Hindustan Petroleum . Over all study of marketing process . Chapter-4 Research Methodology 4.1Sampling Plan:- Universe: The area of study is Jalandhar and nearby areas. Sampling Procedure: In this study, the respondents were chosen through convenience sampling was undertaken where all the accessible persons were contacted by tracing them from the records. Contact Method: The respondents were contacted personally and information was derived and questionnaires were filled. Sample Size: 100 Sampling Technique: A non-probability sampling technique i.e. convenience sampling is used. 4.2Research Design:- Research design is simply the framework or plan for a study used as a guide in collecting and analyzing the data. It is the blue print that is following in completing a study. The research design must be accordingly. Formulating objective of the study. Designing the method of data collection. Collection of data Suggestions and recommendations. Conclusion and interpretations. Research includes questionnaires, observations and facts used to find enquiries of different kind. Questionnaires for customers and retailers are framed out to get to know the main problems of both customers and retailers. 4.3 Source of Data Collection:- PRIMERY DATA- It is the data which is collected initially for the first time. It helps in the validation of secondary data from secondary sources. The main sources of primary data are questionnaires, observations, personal interactions, interviews. SECONDARY DATA- Secondary data is the details that are available in the form of facts and figures. The sources of secondary data are; Magazines, journals, websites, books. In this research both primary and secondary data is used to get the accurate information. 4.4Research instruments or tools used:- Research instruments or tools used for collection of information are questionnaires, study of market, information collected from website. Through questionnaires customers and tell about the services provided by Hindustan Petroleum. They also give details about their problems. They give their suggestions for the improvement in the services. Their answers and information collected through websites, magazines and newspaper tell about the market position of Hindustan Petroleum. These tools help in analyzing and interpreting the result of the research. Analytical Design:- Mathematical tools like mean score; percentage, chi square test and Z- test etc were used. Limitations:- I do think that there were some limitations in collecting the data from both primary and secondary sources. The main boundaries were: Some customer may not have given the actual information because of lack of time. The results found are bound to change with every introduction of new schemes by any of the brands. Some people manning the outlet did not share the required information with the research investigators. Data collection error may be there to wrong response from respondent as some time they are not right person who takes actual decision. As per knowledge data was collected and analyzed, error may be there Chapter-5 Interpretation The above data is showing the growth of Hindustan Petroleum. The table is showing the growth in sales of Hindustan Petroleum in terms of cost of goods sold, EBITDA, IBECC, and Sales per employee. Now first of all we will study the sales of Hindustan Petroleum, the above data is showing the figures from the year 2003 to 2009. In 2003 the sales was -2.1% which is showing the lose of Hindustan Petroleum. It is showing the declining situation of the company, but if we will see the figures of 2004 then we will come to know that there is a quick rise in the sales of Hindustan Petroleum from -2.1% to 6.0%, which is very good for the growth of the company. Like this only if we will see the data of 2005 then there is a shocking growth in the sales of Hindustan Petroleum from 6.0% to 13.9%. But if we will look on the sales of 2006 the growth then there is a slow down in the sales of Hindustan Petroleum. If we will see the sales from 2007 to 2009 then we will come to know then the sales of Hind ustan Petroleum is continues rise in sales. Same is the condition of cost of goods sold and EBITDA there is a continues rise in sales. If we will talk about the sales per employee then we will come to know that there is increase in sales per employee because the numbers of employees are also increasing. So we can say that if the number of employees will increase then the sale per employee will also be increase. So the overall table is showing the growth of sales of Hindustan Petroleum. Analysis of the Respondent of Customers The questionnaire (given in the end of the report) was used to gather information on the following areas: Where does Tata Hindustan Petroleum stand in the market against the other petroleum players? Problems of the customers regarding the service provided by Hindustan Petroleum. Suggestions and recommendations taken from customers. Sample Size: 100 Sampling Area: Jalandhar Analysis has been done with the help of software named SPSS i.e. Software of Processing of Social Sciences. Main methods used for the analysis are Factor Analysis, Z-test, and Mean Ranking as per the necessity of the question. It helps in determining the results on the basis of the answers given by customers who are using the service of Hindustan Petroleum primarily and secondarily. This software is very beneficial for getting the results. It is not time consuming and easy to operate. We just have to fill the answers in the SPSS sheet we get the required outcome in fractions of seconds. Chapter-6 Summary, Conclusions Recommendations 6.1Summary This term paper is about the growth rate of Hindustan Petroleum. The survey has been done in Jalandhar and nearby places. This research also helps in gaining lots of practical knowledge which is different from mere theoretical knowledge. The term paper contains the introduction of the Hindustan Petroleum. We are here in technological age. In the market which are providing different products and services to their customers so that they can sustain in this era of tough competition. Now, India is coming up with new concepts to become a developed country in the world and also trying its best to provide all the available resources to its people. In this project both primary and secondary data is collected to analyze the market properly. After collecting the data from primary and secondary sources, analysis has been done with the help of SPSS. Through this survey we come to know that growth rate of Hindustan Petroleum is increasing day by day . 6.2Conclusions The survey has been done to take certain parameters which are essential for good petroleum service parameters. This survey has done in Jalandhar and nearby areas. The main conclusions that I have figure out are following: Hp has a good brand image in the market. Due to which customers buy their product. Advertisement play very effective role in promoting products. HP is able to provide the information of new schemes and products to the costumer on time. HP is successful to solve the problems of costumer on time. 6.3Recommendations After doing the analysis of study we come across the number of conclusions. Hindustan Petroleum is facing number of problems in the market due to other companies. But as India has a huge market for business so there is a scope for those who really want to do something for themselves as well as for people. The main recommendations for Hindustan Petroleum are given below which can help it to improve and pick up its position. HP should work on its marketing strategies so that it can gain the attention of more and more people. More and more advertisement should be given . Seriously deals with the problems of customers. This may forces the customers to be loyal toward this brand. It should provide information about new schemes to its customer on time . References Reference to a book: Kothari, C.R. Research Methodology, 4th edition. New Delhi: Kalyani publishers,2007 Kotler, Philip, (2006), Marketing Management: Planning, Analysis, Implementation and Control, New Delhi, Pearson Education, Inc. Naresh K. Malhotra., (2005), Marketing Research, New Delhi: Pearson Education, Inc. Reference for an article: http://www.livemint.com/Articles/keywords.aspx?kw=Hindustan%20Petroleum http://www.ibef.org/industry/oilandgas.aspx http://proquest.umi.com/pqdweb?index=0did=824057411SrchMode=1sid=3Fmt=4VInst=PRODVType=PQDRQT=309VName=PQDTS=1256141933clientId=129893 http://proquest.umi.com/pqdweb?index=7did=982527671SrchMode=1sid=2Fmt=3VInst=PRODVType=PQDRQT=309VName=PQDTS=1256141881clientId=129893 http://proquest.umi.com/pqdweb?index=10did=783954681SrchMode=1sid=2Fmt=2VInst=PRODVType=PQDRQT=309VName=PQDTS=1256142461clientId=129893 http://proquest.umi.com/pqdweb?index=11did=676362041SrchMode=1sid=2Fmt=2VInst=PRODVType=PQDRQT=309VName=PQDTS=1256142461clientId=129893 http://proquest.umi.com/pqdweb?i